Edward Lanphier (1922-1999) was a physician and senior scientist in the Department of Preventive Medicine at the University of Wisconsin--Madison. Lanphier wrote and spoke extensively on a variety of diving subjects, including decompression in surface-based diving, comfort in underwater exercise, animal and human respiration under increased pressures, and hyperbaric treatments. During his career, Lanphier was a member of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society. The collection contains his professional papers. Materials include correspondence, reports, committee materials, text of speeches and lectures, presentation notes, manuscript materials, research files, reprints, and grant files. Major subjects include diving, decompression, decompression sickness, diving physiology, and respiration. Materials range in date from 1876 to 1999, with the bulk of the materials dating from 1960 to 1999.