Contains professional papers of Josiah C. Trent (1914-1948), associate professor of surgery and chief of the Division of Thoracic Surgery at Duke. Materials include correspondence, patient files, and subject files pertaining to Dr. Trent's professional life. Most of the correspondence chronicles Trent's involvement with various professional organizations and his acquaintance with prominent figures in various fields: medical history--John Fulton, Henry Sigerist, and W. W. Francis; the history of Duke University--Wilburt C. Davison, Lenox D. Baker; the history of the development of library administration--Thomas Keys and Bertha Hallam. The bulk of the materials were removed from Trent's medical office upon his death and has relatively few items that pertain to his personal life. Items of a more personal nature are located with the James H. and Mary D. B. T. Semans Family Papers in Duke University's Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library. Materials date from 1930 to 1961.